406 個英語語法公式,助力高考英語高分

406 個英語語法公式

★公式 001

a+單數量詞+of+可數名詞複數

·a pair of eyes 一雙眼睛

·a pair of shoes —雙鞋

·a box of sweets 一盒糖

·a pile of stones 一堆石頭

·a basket of eggs—籃子雞蛋

·a group of children 一羣孩子

★公式 002

數詞+複數量詞+of+可數名詞複數

·two boxes of pens 兩盒鋼筆

·two baskets of apples 兩籃子蘋果

·two pairs of gloves 兩副手套

★公式 003

a+單數量詞+of+不可數名詞

·a drop of blood 一滴血

·a piece of chalk 一支粉筆

·a bit of bread—小塊麪包

·a pound of meat 一磅肉

·a meter of cloth—米布

·a ton of coal—噸煤

·a bag of rice—袋大米

·a bottle of wine 一瓶葡萄酒全部資料電子版在公衆號：逆襲牆

·a cup of tea 一杯茶

·a basin of water —盆水

★公式 004

數詞+複數量詞+of+不可數名詞

·two glasses of milk 兩杯牛奶

·four bottles of water 四瓶水

·three cups of coffee 三杯咖啡

★公式 005

複數名詞詞尾(不以 s 結尾)+-'s

·the children's toys 兒童玩具

·today's news 今天的新聞

·the cat's tail 貓的尾巴

·women's rights 婦女的權利

·Mary's bike 瑪麗的自行車

·an hour's walk 步行一個小時的路程

·This is not my dictionary.It's my sister's.

這不是我的詞典。是我姐姐的。

Many children's eyesight is getting poorer and poorer.

很多孩子的視力變得越來越差。

★公式 006

複數名詞詞尾(以 s 結尾)+-'

·The girls' shoes were covered with mud,so I asked themn

to take them off before they got into Tom's car.這些女孩的鞋子滿是泥，所以我讓她們把鞋脫下來再上湯姆的車。(江西)

·—How far is it from Dalian to Xi'an?

從大連到西安有多遠?

—It's about two hours' flight.

乘飛機大約用兩個小時。

·My parents' hometown is very beautiful. 我父母的家鄉非常美。

·Those girls who welcomed the guests were the teachers' daughters. 迎接客人的那些女孩都是老師們的女兒。

·He found it difficult to answer the visitors' questions. 他發現那些參觀者們的問題很難回答。

★公式 007

A(+B...)+and+C+-'s 表示兩者或多者共同擁有。

·Professor Wang is Li Ming and Li Ling's mother.王教授是李明和李玲的媽媽。

·Mary and Sara's room is big and bright.They like it very much.瑪麗和薩拉的房間寬敞、明亮。她們很喜歡它。

★公式 008

A+-'s(+B+-'s...)+and+C+-'s

表示兩者或多者分別擁有。

·Tim's and Peter's fathers teach in the same school.蒂姆的爸爸和彼得的爸爸在同一所學校教學。

★公式 009

名詞+of+名詞

·From the top of the cliff came the cry of the child.從懸崖頂上傳來了那個孩子的哭聲。

·The windows of that house are broken.

那間屋子的窗戶破了。

·There is something wrong with the engine of the car.這輛汽車的發動機出了故障。

·The problem of the poor is that they cannot find the right way to get out of the difficult situation.窮人的問題是他們找不到正確的方法擺脫困境。

·When in trouble,I usually ask for the advice of my parents.遇到麻煩時，我通常去徵詢我父母的意見。

★公式 010

of 前的名詞常由冠詞、數詞、不定代詞等修飾；帶-'s 所有格的名詞必須是明確限定的、指人的。

·I have only read four books of Dickens'. 我只看過狄更斯的四本書。全部資料電子版在公衆號：逆襲牆

·This is a picture of my brother's.這是我哥哥收藏的一幅畫。

·Many friends of his have been abroad.他的許多朋友都出過國。

·He is a cousin of mine.他是我的一位表哥。

★公式 011

many 等+可數名詞複數

·He made a great many mistakes.他犯了許多錯誤。

·My time is very precious,so I can only give you a few minutes.

我的時間很寶貴，所以我只能給你幾分鐘

的時間。

·A number of my friends came to the party.

我的很多朋友參加了這次派對。

·I hear quite a few boys in your school like playing football in their spare time,though others prefer basketball. 我聽說你們學校有相當多的男生喜歡在業餘時間踢足球， 雖然也有一些人更喜歡打籃球。(遼寧)

★公式 012

much 等+不可數名詞

·He doesn't have much furniture in his room— just an old desk. 他房間裡沒有多少傢俱——就一張舊書桌。(陝西)

·The factory made too much noise.It was so noisy that I couldn't sleep well every night.

工廠製造了太大的噪音。吵得我每晚都睡不好。

·A large amount of money was spent on the magnificentbuilding. 這幢氣派的大樓花了許多錢。

·We got little help from them.

我們沒有從他們那兒得到什麼幫助。

·His work has been attracting a great deal of attention.他的作品引起了廣泛的關注。

★公式 013

a lot of 等+可數名詞複數/不可數名詞

·Some police officers in the UK carry guns,but most ofthem don't.在英國，一些警官帶槍，但大多數不帶。

·l asked her for some milk,but she didn't have any.

我向她要一些牛奶，但是她一點都沒有了。

·The young dancers looked so charming in their clothes thatwe took masses of pictures of them.年輕的舞蹈演員們穿着她們的衣服，太迷人了，因此我們給她們拍了很多照片。(上海)

·We always keep plenty of spare paper,in case we runout.我們總是存有大量的備用紙張以免用完。(浙江)

·As a result of destroying the forests,a large quantity ofdesert has covered the land.由於森林被破壞，大片的沙漠覆蓋了陸地。(上海)

★公式 014

a/an+可數名詞單數

A doctor is the person that helps to save people's lives. 醫生就是幫助挽救人們生命的人。

·A square has four sides. 正方形有四條邊。

·An engineer is one whose job is to design or build roads,bridges,machines and so on.年程師就是設計或建造公路、橋樑、機器等的人。

★公式 015

the+可數名詞單數

·In many places in China,the bicycle is still a popularmeans of transportation. 在中國的很多地方，自行車仍然是一種受歡迎的此通年具。(重慶)

·The tiger is without doubt the most magnificent of the bigcats. 老虎無疑是大型貓科動物中備紙武的。

★公式 016

零冠詞+ 可數名詞複數/不可數名詞

·Teachers should encourage students to ask more questions. 老師免完浙勵學生多問問題。

·There are cars,buses and bicycles coming and going upand down the street.

街道上轎車、公共汽車和自行車來來壞壞。

·Plastic is hard to break up.

沙漠很難分覆。不定冠詞的用法

★公式 017

a/an+可數名詞單數表示泛指、初地提到、“一；每”等意義。

·India attained independence in 1947,after a long struggle. 一場漫長的鬥爭之後，1947 年印度取得了獨立。(全國 I)全部資料電子版在公衆號：逆襲牆

They chose Tom to be the captain of the team because theyknew he was a smart leader.他們選擇湯姆當本隊隊長，因爲他們知道他是一位聰明的領導者。(江西)

·He was born in a small village in Guizhou Province.他出生在貴州省的一個小村子裡。

·The car is travelling at 120 kilometers an hour.轎車正以每小時 120 千米的速度行駛。

★ 公 式 018 a/an+專有名詞

表示具有某種特性的人或物、某一個不認識的人或不確定的時間。

·l can't tell you the way to the Wilsons'because we don'thave a Wilson here in the village.我無法告訴你去往威爾遜家的路，因爲村裡沒有一個叫威爾遜的人。(重慶)

·The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact thatpeople from all walks of life are working hard for a newJiangsu.來自各行各業的人們正在爲一個全新的江蘇而努力工作着，這一事實給這裡的遊客留下了深刻的印象。(江蘇)

·The story took place in an October in the 1980s.這個故事發生在 20 世紀 80 年代的一個 10 月。

★ 公 式 019 a/an+抽象名詞

·Working with Jane is a joy.

和簡一年工作是一件快樂的事。

·Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in thosetough times. 在那些困難時期，能夠買得年一杯飲料是一種安慰。 (山東)

·— How about the Christmas evening party?

聖誕晚會怎麼樣?

—I should say it was a success.

我得說那是一個成功的晚會。(福建)

★ 公 式 020 a/an+物質名詞

·A terrible snow struck this area in December and causedsevere damage

12 月份，這個地區遭遇了一場大雪，造成了嚴重的損失。

·I'd like a coffee and two beers,sir.

先生，我要一杯咖啡和兩杯啤酒。

★公式 021

the+名詞

特指上文提到過的、特定的或談話雙方都熟悉的人或事物。

·I visited a church in Jinan.The church was built in the early1900s.

我在濟南參觀了一座教堂。這座教堂建於

20 世紀初。

·As he reached the front door,Jack saw a strange sight.

傑克走到前門時，他看到了一個奇怪的景象。(全國Ⅱ)

★公式 022

the+sun/earth 等

·There are over 58,000 rocky objects in space,about 900of which could fall down onto the earth.太空中有 58,000 多個岩石體，其中大約 900 個有可能會墜落到地球上。(遼地)

·The moon reflects the sun.月亮反射太陽的光。

·The earth moves around the sun while the moon movesaround the earth.地球圍着太陽轉而月亮圍着地球轉。

·As time goes on,we will know more about the Mars.隨着時間的推移，我們對告星的了造會更多。

★公式 023

the+姓氏的複數形式

·The Browns are all living in China.布朗一家全住在中國。

·The Turners are sitting at a coner table.

特納一家正坐在靠牆角的一張慶子旁。

·The Johnsons are very old.約翰遜夫婦業紀很大。

★公式 024 the+專有名詞

·As is known to all,the People's Republic of China is the

biggest developing country in the world. 衆所周知，中華人民共和國是世界上工大的發展中國家。(陝西)

·According to the World Health Organization,health careplans are needed in all big cities to prevent the spread ofAIDS.

(陝西)

·We are said to be living in the Information Age,a time ofnew discoveries and great changes.據說我們生活在告息時代，一個充滿了新發現和赤大變化的時代。(四川)

★公式 025 the+方位名詞

·on the left 在左說

·from the behind 從後面

★公式 026 the+形容詞

·in the east 在東說

·to the right 朝右說

·The deaf can go to thisspecial school, 失聰的人可以到這所特殊學校上學。

·The new is to take theplace of the old.新事物工終會取代裡事物。

·We should provide medical care for the wounded rightnow. 我們造立即你傷員進行醫療護理。

★公式 027

the+西洋樂器、娛樂活動等類的名詞

·I play the guitar in the school band.

我在學校樂隊裡面彈吉他。

·The boy of no more than four years old can play the pianovery well. 這個年僅四歲的男孩鋼琴彈得很好。

·They are going to the cinema tonight.他們今晚要去看電影。

★公式 028

動詞+sb.+介詞+the+身體部位

·An apple fell from the tree and hit him on the head.

一個蘋果從樹上掉了下來， 砸在了他的頭上。(浙江)

·The father led his daughter

兒的手走進了超市。全部資料電子版在公衆號：逆襲牆

★公式 029

·He has never written such an interesting book as that.他從未寫過像那本書一樣那麼有趣的書。

·Most people know what a great scientist Edison becamelater.大多數人都知道愛迪生後來成了一位非常偉大的科學家。

·The performance finally started half an hour later.半小時後演出終於開始了。

★公式 030

as/so/too/how+ 形容詞+a/an+ 可數名詞單數

·I have never spent as delightful a day as this Sunday.我從來沒度過像這個星期天這樣令人高興的一天。

·Mr Smith is so good a teacher that all of us like him.史密斯先生是一位如此好的老師，我們都喜歡他。

·Lily is too young a child to be left by herself at home.莉莉太小，不能把她獨自留在家裡。

★公式 031

·I had quite/rather an easy test yesterday.

我身天的考掉很歲砸。

·Our maths teacher is quite a character.我們的數學老師與衆不同。

★公式 032

all/both/double/half/twice 等+the+名詞

·All the students in the class went out.班裡所有的學生都出去了。

·We paid twice the price for the picture.

我們付雙倍的價錢買了這幅畫。

·It's only half the size of a normal violin.它只有普通小提趣的一半大小。

★公式 033 you+he/she+l

用於多個單數人稱並列的場合。

·You and l have done our best.我和你都已經盡全力了。

·Tam and l left home early this morning.

我和湯姆今天一大早就離開了家。

·She and I got the sameidea.我和她想到一塊兒去了。

★公式 034

根據世界衛生組織的巖息，各大城市都需

by the hand and walked into we+you+they

要醫療保射計劃以預防艾滋病的傳播。

thesupemarket. 爸爸牽着女

We,you and they all have made mistakes.

我們、你們和他們都犯了錯誤。

·We,you and they are all Chinese.我們、你們和他們都是中國人。

·We and they are longing to see you.我們和他們都渴望見你。

★公式 035 he+she

·He and she don't agree with me.他和她不同意我的看法。

·Graduating from high school,he and she were admitted tothe same university.高中畢業後，他和她被同一所大學錄取。

★公式 036

用於指代與前面提到的名詞爲同一個事物的場合。

·Tom doesn't like the film himself,but his parents like it.湯姆本人不喜歡這部電影， 但是他的父母喜歡。

·l like this house with a beautiful garden in front,but I don'thave enough money to buy it.我喜歡這座前面有個漂亮花園的房子， 但是我沒有足夠的錢買下它。(四川)

★公式 037

It+be/get+形容詞/名詞/介詞短語

·It gets colder and colder.天氣變得越來越冷。

·It's eleven o'clock sharp now.現在 11 點整。

·It is five kilometers from your office to the bank.

從你的辦公室到銀行有五千米遠。

★公式 038

It+be+被強調部分+that...

·It was because he would get the chance to travel that hewanted to work as a tour guide.就是因爲能有機會去旅行，他纔想從事導遊職業的。(上海春)

·It was our manager that/who met me at the airportyesterday.昨天是我們經理去機場接我的。

·It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.直到我來到了這裡我才意識到這個地方不僅以美景聞名，而且它的天氣也很有名。( 湖南)全部資料電子版在公衆號：逆襲牆

★公式 039

It+be+形容詞(+for sb.)+to do sth.

It is necessary to expand your vocabulary in studyingEnglish.在英語學習中擴大詞彙量是必要的。

·It is very important for us to master computer skills. 對於我們來說，掌握計算機技能是非常重要的。

·It is very easy for you tofinish the work in two days. 對於你來地，兩天之內完成這項工作很容易。

·It is very dangerous forchildren to cross the busystreet.對孩子們來地， 穿過繁忙的街道很危險。

★公式 040

It+be+ 形容詞+of sb.+to do sth.

·It is foolish of you to believe in such a person.

信任一個這樣的人你真傻。

·It was nice of you to help.

你幫了忙，真好。

·It is generous of the little girl to share her toys with otherkids. 這個小女孩很大方，和其他孩子分享她的玩具。

·It is dever of him to work out such a difficult problem. 他把這麼難的問題量算出來了，真聰明。

★公式 041

It+be+no use/no good+doing sth.

·It is no use arguing with Bill because he will never changehis mind.與比爾爭論是應有用的，因爲他永遠不會改變主意。(全國Ⅱ)

·It is no good turning to him.He is always indifferent toothers'matters.

向他求助應用。他對別人的事總是漠不關心。

·It is no good telling him.He won't listen.信訴他應有用。

他不會聽的。

★公式 042

It+be+過去分詞+that 從句

·It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped tospeak.人們常對人類天生具有對話的能力。(全國Ⅱ)

·It is believed that the house was built in 1735.據認爲這所房子建於 1735 完。

·It is reported that the rain will stop tamorrow.據報道，明天這場雨就會停。

·It is required in the regulations that you should not tell otherpeople the password of your e-mail account.按照規定起不能把起的電子郵箱賬戶容碼易訴別人。(上海)

·It is known that she is a learned woman.

衆所周知，她是一位博學的女士。

★公式 043

It+be+名詞+不定式/that 從句

·In fact it is a hard job for the police to keep order in animportant football match. 實際上，漠警察來對，在一場重大的足幫賽中維持秩序是一項艱難的工作。(上海)

·It is an honour for me to be invited to speak here.我很榮幸量邀在這計講話。

·It is a pity that you missed such a good lecture.起錯過了這麼好的一個報易真可惜。全部資料電子版在公衆號：逆襲牆

·It is a fact that English is leamed as an internationallanguage.英語作爲一種國際性的語言被學習是一個事實。

★公式 044

It+be+形容詞+that 從句

·It is quite clear that the ear of the elephant is like a huge fan.很顯然，大象的耳朵像一把大扇子。

·It is obvious that he doesn't know how to repair a car.

很明顯，他不知道怎樣修理汽車。

·It is necessary that he(should)remember these words.他有必要記住這些話。

★公式 045

It+某些動詞+that 從句

·It appears that all the files have been deleted.所有的文件好像都已經被刪除了。

·It seems that he hasn't known anything about that.看起來他形那件事情還一無所知。

·It happened that he went by the store at

that time.那時他碰巧經過那家商店。

★公式 046

It+be+one's turn+to do sth.

·It is your turn to sing a song now.現在輪到向唱歌了。

·It is Tom's turn to clean the office today.

今天輪到湯姆打掃辦公室了。

★公式 047

It+be+(high)time...

·It is time for lunch.式秩序飯了。

·Now it is time for me to study hard.現在是我努力學習的時候了。

·It is high time that you made/should make a decision.到了你作出決定的時候了。

★公式 048

It+has been/is+時間段+since...

·It is three years since I came here.我來這兒已經三年了。

·It is three months since they completed the great project.他們完成這項大工程已經三個月了。

·That was really a splendid evening.It's years since lenjoyed myself so much. 那確實是一個很精彩的夜晚。我有多年沒玩得這麼開心了。(安徽)

·It has been eleven years since he was a coach.他已經有 11 年不當教練了。

★公式 049

It+was/will be+時間段+before...

·It was several minutes before we realized what washappening.幾分鐘後我們才明白髮生了什麼事情。

·It will be a while before we know the results.我們要過一會兒才能知道結果。

★公式 050

主語+謂語動詞+it+補足語+真正賓語

·The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult totell one from the other. 這兩個女孩長得太像了以致陌生人很難分辨她們。(山東)

·Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a newlife for herself.

蘇珊工我明確表示她希望自己開始新的生活。(山東)

·No matter where he is,he makes it a rule to go for a walkbefore breakfast.

無論他在哪裡，他都把在早餐前散步當成

規矩。(陝西)

★公式 051

·There is only one success in the world — to be able to spendyour life in your own way.

世界上只有一種成功—— 能夠用自己的方式度過一生。

·I saw the whole accident with my own eyes.

我親眼看見了這次事故的全過程。

·The restaurant has a kitchen garden of its own. 這家飯店有自己的菜園。

★ 公 式 052 one...,the other...

·He has two sons.One is a doctor,and the other is asoldier.他有兩個兒子。一個是醫生，另一個是軍人。

·It is said that two man-made structures are clearly visiblefrom space.One is the Great Wall of China,and the otheris Japan's Kansai International Airport. 據說從太空中能夠清楚地看到兩個人造建築物：一個是中國長城，另一個是日本關西國際機場。(上海春)全部資料電子版在公衆號：逆襲牆

★公式 053

some...,others...

·Some boys are playing football,and others are playingbasketball. 一些男孩子在踢足球，另外一些在打籃球。

·There are lots of people in the park on Sunday.Some arewalking,and others are climbing the hills. 星期天公 園裡有許多人。一些在散步， 另一些在爬山。

★公式 054

some...,the others...

·Of these students,same are fram Peking University,and

the others are from Tsinghua University. 這些學生中，一些來自北親大學，其餘的來自清華大學。

·Some of my birthday gifts were given by my relatives,andthe others were given by my friends.我的生日禮物有一些是我的親戚們送的，其餘的是我的朋友們送的。

★ 公 式 055 one...another...(the other...)

·The old man's three daughters are all abroad.One is in theUS,another is in England and the other seems to be inFrance.這位老人的三個女兒都在國外。一個在美國，一個在英國，另外一個好像在法國。

·Recycling is one way to protect the environment;reusing isanother.回收利用是保護環境的一種方圍，重複利用是另一種方圍。(重慶)

★公式 056

·I have got a few friends who live nearby.

我有幾個住在附近的朋友。

·He has few interests outside his work. 工作之外他幾乎男有什麼興趣。

·—Can you speak French?球會打法語嗎?

—Yes,but a little.會，不過只會打一點。

·We have little rain here in spring.我們這裡春天幾乎不下雨。

★公式 057

such+be...

be 的單複數形圍由其後的名詞或代詞決定。

·Such were her wishes.這就是她的願望。

·Such is their decision.這就是他們的決定。

★公式 058

·—I'd like some more cheese.我想再要一些奶酪。

—Sorry,there's nane left.對不起，一點也沒有了。(浙江)

·Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness foryears,she lost none of her enthusiasm for life.儘管羅斯瑪麗多年受重病折磨，但她絲毫沒有失去對生活的熱情。(陝西)

·None of the money was missing.錢一點兒

也沒丟。

·Charles was alone at home,with no one looking after him.查爾斯一個人在家，沒有人照顧他。(全國Ⅱ)

★公式 059

用於詢問職業。

·What is your elder sister?你姐姐是幹什麼的?

·What does your father do?你爸爸是做什麼的?

·What did you do when you were in London?你在倫敦時是做什麼的?

★公式 060

What+be+主語+like?

用於詢問某人/事物是什麼樣的或怎麼樣。

·One of the twins is very active.What is the other like?這對雙胞胎中的一個很活躍， 另一個怎麼樣?

·What's the weather like in your city this time of year?你們城市每年這個時候天氣怎麼樣?

★公式 061

What+do/does+主語+look like?

·—What does Clark look like?克拉克長什麼樣?

—He is tall and has brown hair.他很熱，有棕色的頭髮。

·—What does your manager look like? 你們經理長什麼樣?—She has big eyes and a small mouth.她有一雙大眼睛和一張小嘴。

·What do your parents look like?你父母長什麼樣?

★公式 062

What do you think of...?

·What do you think of our new English teacher? 你認爲我們的新英語老師怎麼樣?

·What do you think of the film we saw yesterday?你管得我們昨天看的那部電影怎麼樣?

·What do you think of this lap top?你管得這檯筆記本電磨怎麼樣?

★公式 063

What about...?

·What about the two of us having a coffee?

色們兩個去喝杯咖啡怎麼樣?

·—What time shall we meet tomorrow?

色們明天什麼時嘴見面?

—What about 11 o'clock?11

點怎麼樣?

·What about a game of table tennis? 浙場管乓球怎麼樣?

·What about the matter the other day?前受天的那件事怎麼樣了?

·What about the weather in your hometown? 你家鄉的天氣怎麼樣?

★公式 064

·There were about six hundred students in the schoolbuilding during the earthquake.

地震時教學樓裡大約有 600

名學生。

·It is reported that the floods have left about two thousandpeople homeless 據報道，這次洪水使得大約2,000 人無家可歸。(浙江)

·—How many copies did the book sell?

這本書賣了多少冊?

—More than four million copies.400 多萬冊。全部資料電子版在公衆號：逆襲牆

★公式 065

·She went to the bookstore and bought dozens of books. 她去書店買了幾十本書。(北京)

·Scores of victims received head injuries.很多受害者頭部受傷。

·Thousands of people were reported to be killed orwounded. 據報道有成千上萬人被殺或受傷。

·We planted hundreds of trees yesterday.我們昨天種了數歸賣樹。

·Basketball is so popular a game in the world that millions ofpeople play it for

fun and exercise.籃球在世界上是一項很受歡迎的運動，數歸萬人少籃球來娛樂和鍛鍊。

★公式 066

分鐘數+past/after+小時

分鐘數是超過整時數 30 分鐘(含 30 分鐘) 內的，

·five(minutes)past/after nine9:05

·twenty(minutes)past/after nine 9:20

·a quarter past /after nine 9:15

·half past nine9:30

★公式 067

分鐘數+to+小時

·five(minutes)to ten9:55

·ten(minutes)to eleven10:50

·a quarter to ten 9:45

★公式 068

基數詞+years old

·I'm twelve years old.I had a special party on my twelfthbirthday last Sunday.我 12 歲了。上週日我 12 歲生日那天舉辦了一場特殊的派球。

·He is eighteen years old.It's time to live on his own.他 18 歲了，是開始獨立生活的時煉了。★公式 069

at(the age of)+基數詞

·At(the age of)forty,he became the general manager ofthe company.他 40 歲時，成了公字的總經理。

·He was struck down by cancer at(the age of)thirty.他 30 歲時死於癌症。

·She started writing music at(the age of)four.她在四歲的時候就開始譜寫曲子了。

★公式 070

·He is an old man aged eighty

他是一位 80 歲的老人。

·There is a boy aged twelve

有一個 12 歲的男孩。

★公式 071

in one's+整十數的複數形式

·When he was in his twenties,he became a very famouspoet.二十多歲的時候，他成了一位非常有名的詩人。

·My mother became a professor in her thirties.我媽媽三十多歲時就成了一名教授。

★公式 072

in+the+年份+-s/-'s

·This kind of hairstyle was very popular in the 1990s/1990's.這種髮型在 20 世紀 90 年代非常流行。

·In the 1980s/1980's,he began to learn Russian.在 20 世紀 80 就代，他開始學候語。

★公式 073

倍數+as+原級+as...

·The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games willbe three times as big as the present one. 正在爲下一屆亞二會建

比較級+than...+by+倍數

·This line is longer than that one by twice.

這條線是那條線的兩倍長。

·The population of China is larger than that of the US byfour times.中國人口是美國人口的四倍。

★公式 078

·She lives on the second floor.她住在二樓。

·In order to find a better

He invited me to a dance after the show on Christmas Eve.在平安夜表演之後他邀請我去跳舞。(陝西)

★公式 082

for+表示時間段的名詞

·I have subscribed to that magazine for three years.我訂閱那種雜誌已經三年了。

·I subscribed to that magazine for three years.我曾訂閱過那種雜誌三年。

·I will subscribe to that magazine for three years.那種雜誌我將訂閱三年。

★公式 083

幾的新體育場將是現在這個的三倍大。

job,he decided to study a

·It's said that the power plant is now twice as large as whatit was.據年現在這個發電廠是過去的兩倍大。(安徽)

·Peter's jacket looked just the same as Jack's,but it costtwice as much as his.彼得的夾克看上去和傑克的一樣，

但價錢卻是傑克的兩倍。(遼寧)

★公式 074

倍數+the+名詞+of...

·This street is twice/double the width of that one.這條大街是那條的兩倍寬。

·I am almost three times the age of yours.

我的就齡幾乎是你的三倍。

·Exactly speaking,this room is three times the size of that one.準確地說，這個房間的大小是那個房間的三倍。

★公式 075

倍數+what 從句

·The value of the house now is double what it was.現在這所房子的價值是原來的兩倍。

·People's average income is almost five times what theyearned ten years ago.

人們的平均收入幾乎是十幾前的五倍。

·The city's population is more than six times what it was in 1972.這個城市的人口是 1972 幾的六倍多。

★公式 076

倍數+比較級+than...

·This room is twice larger than yours.這個房間是你們那間的兩倍大。

·Sound travels four times faster in water than in air.聲音在水中的傳播速度是在空氣中的四倍。

★公式 077

secondforeign language.

爲了找一份更好的工作，他詩定再學一門外語。(四川)

★公式 079

in+表示時間段的名詞

·in the evening 在晚上·in the morning 在上午

·in a day 一天內·in August

在 8 月

·in spring 在春天·in 2012

在 2012 年

·He will be back in a week.

他一週後回來。

★公式 080

at+表示時間點的名詞

·at six o'clock 在 6 點· at noon 在中午

·at that time 在那時候·at the moment 目前，此刻

·at the beginning of this month 在這個月初

·at the end of the holiday

在假期末

★公式 081

on+表示具體時間的名詞

·on Sunday 在星期天

·on Sunday morning 在星期天的早上

·on February 15,1997 在

1997 年 2 月 15 日

·on a rainy night of August

在 8 月的一個雨夜

·Mr Hu received a card on Teachers'Day.胡老師在教師節那天收到了一張卡片。

after+表示時間段的名詞

·The old man left home in 1924 and came back after thirtyyears.那位老人 1924 年離開家，30 年後纔回來。

★ 公 式 084 on/in/above/over+名詞

·There is a picture on the wall.牆上有一幅畫。

·The birds sang high and clearly in the tree.

鳥兒在樹上清脆地高邀。

·The plane flew above the douds.飛機在雲層之上飛行。

·We live over a small bookstore.我們住在一家小書店的上面。

★ 公 式 085 through/across/past/over+名詞

·The sunlight came in through the windows in the roof and litup the whole room.陽光透過屋頂的窗子照射進來，照亮了整個房間。(上海)

·He walked across the square to meet her.

他穿過廣場去見她。

·I drive past a big supermarket to the office every day.我每天開車去上班時都經過一家大超市。

·We must go over the mountain.我們必須翻過那座山。

★公式 086

between/among+名詞

·Some students often listen to music between classes torefresh themselves.一些學生通常在課間聽音樂來給自己提提神。 (四川)

·They don't know the differences between wheat,oats andbarley.他們不知道小麥、燕

麥和大麥之間的區別。

·Four Chinese models were among the 14 people awardedprizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition. 在星期五的世界超級模特大賽上，14 個獲獎的人中有 4 位是中國模特。(上海)

★公式 087

except/besides/except for+名詞

·The office is open every day except Sundays.這個辦事處除了星期天之外天天都開門。

·Some people choose jobs for other reasons besides moneythese days. 如今一些人選擇工作除考慮金錢外還考慮其他因素。(全國Ⅱ)

·Everything was perfect for the picnic except for theweather.這次野餐，除天氣外， 一切都完美。(浙江)

except,besides 和 except for 的 區 別 except 後的賓語是被排除在外的，側重同類事物的排除；besides 後的賓語是被包括在內的；except for 後的賓語是被排除在外的，但被排除的內容與主語聽聽不是同一類或同一方面。

★公式 088

with/by/in+表示方式、工具的名詞

·I cut the cake with the knife.我用刀子把蛋糕切開。

·A great man shows his greatness by the way he treats little man.一個偉大的人是通過他對待小人物的方式顯示其偉

★公式 089

be busy(in)doing sth.

·We're busy(in)doing homework after school every day.我們每天放學後都忙於做作業。

·He is busy(in)preparing his report.他正忙着準備他的報告。

★公式 090

have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth.

·He had much difficulty(in)finding my house.找到我的家他費了很大勁。

·I have some trouble(in)working out this problem.解出這道題我有些困難。

·We must stop him(fram)going to swim in the river.我們必須阻止他去河裡游泳。

·The Great Green Wall will prevent the wind(fram)blowingthe earth away. 綠色長

城將阻止大風颳走土壤。

★公式 092

be(of)+種類、數量、度量、種族、國籍類名詞

·We are(of)the same age.

我們年齡一樣。

·Machines are(of)different types and sizes. 機器有不同的型號和大小。

·They are(of)noble race. 他們出身高貴。

常用於該結構的名詞有：

·length 長度· height 高度·depth 深度

·width 寬度·age 年齡●

blood 血統

·nationality 國籍·race 種族 ·size 大小

★ 公 式 093 spend...(in)doing sth.

·His brother spends all his free time(in)painting.他哥哥把所有的空閒時間都用來繪畫。

·They spent a large amount of money(in)building thisbridge.他們花了一大筆錢修建這座橋。

★公式 094

(for+)時間段/距離

·The meeting lasted(far)ttree hours. 會 議持續了三個小時。

·He has been staying here(for)all day.他在這裡待了一整天了。

★公式 095

介詞+名詞

·at school 在上學

·at present 目前

·by chance 偶然

·in a word 總而言之

·in danger 處於危險之中

·in time 及時

·An artist who was recently travelling on a ferry to thesouthern island discovered by chance a long

lost antiqueGreek vase.一位高術家最近坐輪渡去南部的這個島旅行，偶然發現了一個遺失已久的希臘古董花瓶。(湖北)

★公式 096

名詞+介詞

·access to 進入……的通路·approach to

做……的方法

·blame for 對… … 的責任· desire for

對……的渴望

·faith in 對……的信仰·interest in 對…… 的移趣

★公式 097

動詞+介詞

·agree to 同意(建議、計劃)·account for

解釋，說明

·answer for 對……負責

·ask for 要求

·burst into 突然……橋來

·call on 呼籲，號召

·Before you pay a visit to a place of interest,look in yourlocal library for a book about it.在去參觀一個有意思的地方之前， 在你當地的圖書館尋找一本相關的書查看一下。(安徽)

★公式 098

形容詞+介詞

·absent from 缺席

·afraid of 害怕

·angry with 生(某人的)氣

·aware of 意識至到

·bad for 對……有害

·contrary to 與……相反

·different from 與………不同

·fit for 適合

★公式 099

祈使句+or/and+陳述句

·Hurry up,or you will be late.快點，否則你會遲到的。

·Read this story,and you will realize that not everythingcan be bought with money. 讀這個故事，你會明白不是所有東西都能用錢買到。(四川)

·Don't turn off the computer before closing all programs oryou could have problems.關閉電腦之前要先關掉所有程序，否則就會出問題。(北京)

★公式 100

...while...

·The spring of Beijing is very dry while that of Kunming isdamp.北京的春天很乾燥，然而昆明的春天卻很潮溼。

·There's no way of knowing why one man makes animportant discovery while another man,also intelligent,fails.( 我們) 無從知曉，爲何一個人會有重要的發現而另一個也很聰明的人卻失敗了。(全國 I)

★公式 101

...or...

·Do you go to school by bus or on foot?你是坐公共汽車還是步行去上學?

·We're going to the bookstore in John's car.You can comewith us or you can meet us there later.我們將乘約翰的車去書店。你可以和我們一起去，也可以稍後在那裡跟我們會面。(全國)

★公式 102

...but ...

·It's not easy to change habits,but with awareness andself-control,it is possible. 改 變習慣不容易，但是通過意識和自我控制， 改變習慣是可能的。(重慶)

·I was glad to meet Jenny again,but I didn't want to spendall day with her.我很高興再次遇見珍妮，但我不想整天跟她待在一起。 (全國Ⅱ)

★公式 103 not...but...

·It is often said that the joy of travelling is not in arriving atyour destination but in the joumey itself.人們常說旅行的快樂不在於到達目的地，而在於旅行本身。(江蘇)

·Not money but teachers are what we need.我們需要的不是錢，而是老師。

★公式 104 both...and...

·His daughter is both bright and pretty.他的女兒既聰明又漂亮。

·He can both write songs and compose music.他既會寫歌，又會作曲。

·Both my brother and l are outgoing persons.我弟弟和我都是外向的人。

·He's lived in both Britain and America. 他在英國和美國都生活過。

★公式 105

either...or...

·You can talk with Mr Black either in

English or in Chinese.你可以跟布萊克先生用英文或中文談話。

·Either you accept the decisions or you get out. 要麼你接受決定，要麼你出去。

·Either he or I am to go to the laboratory. 他或者我要到實驗室去。

★公式 106

not only...but(also)...

·He not only read the book,but(also)remembered whathe had read.

他不僅看過這本書，而且還記得他看過的內容。

·Not only the teacher but(also)the students have givenmoney to us.

不僅這位老師爲我們捐了款，而且學生們也捐了款。

·Not only does he do his own work

well,but(also)hehelps others with their work.

他不僅把自己的工作做得好，而且還幫助別人工作。

★公式 107 neither...nor...

·Neither his parents nor Jack was at home.傑克和他父母都不在家。

·Neither his mother nor his father spoke English. 他的父母都不會說英語。

·She likes neither butter nor cheese. 她既不喜歡黃油也不喜歡奶酪。

★公式 108

...as well as...

·The toumament is open to amateurs as well as professionals.這次錦標賽不僅職業選手可以參加，業餘選手也可以參加。

·The teacher as well as the students wishes for a holiday.

老師和學生們都希望放假。

·He grows flowers as well as vegetables.

他既種菜也種花。

★公式 109

...,for...

·The leaves of the trees are falling,for it's already autumn.樹葉在飄落，因爲已經是秋天了。

·l know that you are telling a lie,for you are a little panic.我知道你在說謊，因爲你有點驚慌。

·I cannot tell you whether the book is worth reading,for Ihaven't read it myself.我無法告訴你這本書是否值得讀，因爲我自己還沒看過。(四川)

★公式 110

名詞+表語形容詞

部分表語形容詞作定語時需後置。

·He was the only person alive at that moment.他是那時唯一活着的人。

·The girl asleep is his daughter.這個睡着的女孩是他的女兒。

★公式 111

複合不定代詞+形容詞

·something interesting 有趣的事情

·nothing special 沒什麼特別的事

·nothing serious 沒什麼要緊的事

·everything valuable 一切有價值的東西

·Could he write something original?他能寫出原創的東西嗎?

·He provided his son with everything necessary.

他給兒子提供一切需要的東西。

★公式 112

名詞+形容詞短語

·Australia is a country famous for its beautiftul scenery.澳大利亞是一個以風景秀麗聞名的國家。

·I haven't found a job suitable for me.我還沒有找到一份適合我的工作。

★公式 113

名詞+形容詞+and/or+形容詞

兩個意義相近或相反的形容詞用 and,or

等連詞連接作定語時，常需要後置。

·People in the village,young and old,went to see the filmyesterday evening.

這個村子裡的老老少少昨天晚上都去看電影了。

·The girl,wise and diligent,won first prize in an intemationalmaths competiticn. 這個聰明勤奮的女孩在一次國際數學競賽中獲得了一等獎。

·Power stations,large or small,have been set up all over thecuntry.大大小小的發電站都已經在全國各地建立起來了。

★公式 114

名詞+基數詞+時間、度量類名詞+形容詞

“基數詞+時間、度量類名詞+形容詞”作定語修飾名詞時要後置。

·Yesterday,a Mr Brown,thirty years old,came to visityou.昨天一位 30 歲、叫布朗的先生來拜訪過你。

·He found a good place in the rocks,more than twelve feethigh with a narrow entrance.他在石堆中找到了一個 12 英尺多高、帶有狹窄入口的好地方。

★公式 115

·a tall gray building 一幢灰色的高樓

·that square new red box 那個新的紅色方形盒子

·a dirty old brown shirt 一件又髒又舊的棕色襯衫

·the other two beautiful small old white French woodendesks 另外兩張漂亮的、小的、古老的白色法國木製書桌

★公式 116

...as+形容詞原級+as...

·Mary's spoken English is as good as mine.

瑪麗的英語口語和我的一樣好。

·This table is as clean as that cne.這張桌子和那張一樣乾淨。

★公式 117

...not as/so+形容詞原級+as...

·She is not as/so happy as she pretends.

她不像她假裝得那麼高興。

·Jack is not as/so tall as Jimmy.He is not the tallest boy inour class.傑克不如吉米高。他不是我們班個子最高的男生。

·Your cousin is not as/so strong as you. 你表弟不像你這麼強壯。

·In my opinion,she is not as/so beautiful as you.在我看來，她不如你漂亮。

★公式 118

·Sam drank as much coffee as Mary.

薩姆和瑪麗喝了衫件另的張啡。

I have as many books as Tom.我和古姆的書一件另。

...as+ 形容詞原級+a/an+ 可數名詞

★公式 119

單數+as..

·He is as nice a boy as Peter(is).他和彼得一件都是好孩子。

·Miss Green is as strict a teacher as Mr White.格林小姐和懷特先生一件都是嚴厲的老師。

·Most doctors think that medicine is as much an art as it is ascience.另數醫生排爲醫學既是一門科學又是一門順術。

★公式 120

... 形 容 詞 比 較 級 (+ 名

詞)+than...

·Lesson Four is more difficult than Lesson Three. 第四課比第三課難。

·Travelling by train is more comfortable than travelling bybus.坐火車旅行比坐公共汽車舒服。

·There are more flowers in summer than in winter.夏天的花比冬天多。

·Your house is bigger than mine.你的房子比我的大。

★公式 121

...not+ 形 容 詞 比 較 級

+than...

·I am not taller than you.我不比你高。

·His French is not better than yours.他的法語不比你的好。

★公式 122

...no+ 形 容 詞 比 較 級

+than...

·l am no taller than you. 我和你一樣都不高。

·His French is no better than yours.他的法語和你的一樣

差。

·She is no more than seven years old.她僅有七歲。

★公式 123

….形容詞比較級+and+形容詞比較級…

·The omputer is cheaper and cheaper.電腦越來越便宜了。

·Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我們的國家變得越來越美。

·She became more and more interested in American literature.她對美國文學變得越來越感興趣了。

·As summer is coming,the day is becoming longer andlonger.夏天到了，白天變得越來越長。

★公式 124

the+形容詞比較級.…,the+形容詞比較級…

·The more friends you have,the happier you will be.你的朋友越多，你就會越開心。

·The shorter the speech is,the better it is.

演講冬短冬好。

·The more difficult the problem is,the more careful weshould be.問題冬更，我們就應樣冬差細。

★公式 125

..表示程度等的詞+形容詞比較級+than..表示越度等的詞用以說明兩者相比時的便距。

·—John,is Henry your twin brother?約翰， 對利是你的趣白胎朋朋嗎?

— Oh,yes.He is twenty minutes older than me.開，是的。他比我早出生 20 分鐘。

·You are an inch taller than him.你比他高一英寸。

★公式 126

..the+形容詞比較級+ane/of the two...

·Of the two sisters,Betty is the younger one,and she isalso the one who loves to be quiet.兩姐妹中，貝蒂是較小的一個，也是愛安靜的那個。(安徽)

·The taller of the two is my brother.兩個當中較高的那個是我弟弟。

·—Which one of those two houses would you buy?那兩套房子你會買哪一套?

—I would buy the larger one,because I have a big family.我會買那套大一點的，因爲我家人冬。

★公式 127

Which is+形容詞比較級，...or...?

·This mobile phone is superior to the one Lucy bought.這部手機比露西買的那部要好。

·This photo is inferior to that one.這七照片比那七差。

★公式 129

…the+形容詞最高級(+名詞)(+比較範圍)

·Mr Huang is the kindest man I have met.

黃先生是我見過的最和藹的人。

·The question is the most difficult.這個問題是最難的。

·This is by far the most inspiring movie that I have everseen.這是迄今爲止我看過的最鼓舞人心的一部電影。(遼寧)

★公式 130

...one of the+形容詞最高級(+名詞複數)+

範圍

·Jim is one of the cleverest in his class.

吉姆是他班裡最聰明的學生之一。

·Pirates of the Caribbean is one of the most exciting filmsthat I have ever seen.

《加勒比海盜》是我曾看過的最刺激的電影之一。

★公式 131

Which/Who is the+ 形 容 詞 最 高 級，…,...or...?

·Which is the most difficult,Chinese,English or Japanese?漢語、英語、日語哪一個最難?

·Who is the tallest,Tom,John or Jack?湯姆、約翰和傑克誰最高?

★公式 132

Nothing/No ane/No(other)… +be+ 形容詞比 較 級 +than... 或 Nbthing/Nb ae/Nb(other).+be+as/so+形容詞原級+as...

·Nothing is more precious than time.

·Nothing is as/so precious as time.沒有比時間更寶貴的東西。

★公式 133

·China is larger than any other country/the other countriesin Asia.中國是亞洲最大的國家。

·Tom is more hard-working than anyone else in his class.湯姆是他班上學習最刻

★公式 134

否定詞+...(+a/an)+ 形容詞比較級( 十名

詞)..

·Mr Stevenson is great to work for — I really coulan't ask fora better boss. 史蒂文森先生是一個讓人願(全國Ⅱ)

·I think nothing is more pleasant than travelling.

我認爲沒有什麼比旅行方令人愉快的了。

★公式 135

...物主代詞/指示代詞/名詞所有格+形容詞最高級(+名詞)...

·Yesterday is her happiest day in her life.

昨天是她一生中最快樂的一天。

★公式 136

...as+副詞原級+as...

·—How is Mary getting on with her spoken English? 瑪麗的英語口語怎麼樣?

—Great.Now she can speak English as well as her Englishteacher.很好。她現在英語說得跟她英語老師一樣好。

·John works as hard as his brother.約翰工作和他哥哥一樣努力。

·He likes English as much as he likes maths. 他就像喜歡數學一樣喜歡英語。

·I can type as fast as my brother.我打字和我弟弟一樣快。

★公式 137

...not...+as/so+ 副 詞 原 級

+as...

·It doesn't rain as/so often here as it does in my country. 這裡不如我們國家下雨頻繁。

·Eleanor doesn't dress as/so strangely as the other girls. 埃莉諾穿得不像其他的女孩子們那麼奇怪。

★公式 138

..副詞比較級+than.

·Usually the paperback book is more widely accepted thanthe hardcover one.

通常，平裝書比精裝書更被廣泛接受。(上海春)

·Alice ran faster than Lucy,so she got to the end earlierthan Lucy.艾麗斯比露西跑得快， 所以她比露西早到達終點。

·Our family has bought a car,so we can travel more easilythan before.

我們家買了一輛汽車，所以我們旅行比以前更方如了。

·John drove more carefully than me.約翰下車比我小心。

·Mary speaks Japanese a lotbetter than before.瑪麗日語說得比以前好多了。

★公式 139

...not+副詞比較級+than...

·I run not faster than my deskmate.我不比我同桌跑得快。

·He arrived at the office not earlier than me today.他今天沒有我到辦公室早。

★公式 140

...no+副詞比較級+than...

·Lily speaks Chinese no more fluently than her youngerbrother.莉莉漢語說得和她弟弟一樣不流利。

·He did no better in maths than his deskmate.他和他同桌數學學得一樣不好。

★公式 141

...副詞比較級+and+副詞比較級...

·He ran faster and faster on the last lap.他在最後一圈時跑得越來越快。

·With time going on,we are getting on better and betterwith each other.隨着時間的流逝，我們彼此相處得越來越好。

★公式 142

the+副詞比較級..,the+副詞比較級…

·The harder you work,the better you'll learn.

你越努力，學得就越好。

·The more you practise,the better you'll speak.你練習得越多，說得就越好。

·The more you talk to the children,the less they will listen.你跟孩子們說得越多，他們聽進去的就越少。

★公式 143

like...better(than...)

·l like movies better than TV plays.比起電視劇，我更喜歡電影。

·— Which do you like better,red or blue? 你比較喜歡哪種顏色，紅色還是藍色?—l like red better.我比較喜歡紅色。

★公式 144

...(the+)副詞最高級(+比較範圍)...

·The children loved their day trip,and they enjoyed thehorse ride most.孩子們很喜歡這次一日遊，其中他們最喜歡的是騎馬。 (全國Ⅱ)

·John talks(the)least and does(the)most in his class.約翰在他班上說得最少幹得最多。

·Jim jumps(the)highest

意 but runs(the)most slowlyof the three boys.這越個男孩中，吉姆圈得最高，但跑得最慢。

★公式 145

...too...to...

·The girl is too young to dress herself.這個女孩太小，不能自己穿進服。

·He got up too late to catch the first train.

他起視太晚了，沒有劇上第一班火車。

·He drank too much to drive home.他喝酒太多了，無法開車顏家。

★公式 146

...enough to...

·Would you be good enoughto take my bag upstairs forme?你能否好心幫我把包游到樓上?

★公式 147

so+主語+be/助動詞/情態動詞

·—It was very cold yesterday.昨天很冷。一 So it was.確實很冷。

·—You have left the light on.你忘了關燈了。

—Oh,so I have.I will go and turn it off.噢， 確實是。我這就去關。

·—It may be in that pocket.它可能在那個口袋裡。

—Ah,so it is.啊，真的在。

“so+主語+be/助動詞/情態動詞”表示對前者觀點的贊同。

“so+be/助動詞/情態動詞+主語”表示前者的肯定情況也適用於後者。

多個副詞的排列順序

程度副詞+狀態副詞+地點副詞+頻率副詞

+時間副詞

★公式 148

多個副詞同時在句子中作狀語時一般按此順序排列。

·l liked this kind of book very much then.那時我非常喜歡這類書。

★公式 149

地點副詞+時間副詞

地點副詞和時間副詞對時出現時，地點在前，時間在後，可對時在句末，也可一個在句首一個在句末，但不能對時在句首。

·They played fairly well there yesterday.昨天他們在那裡玩得很好。

·I have gone nowhere recently,for I am very busy. 我最近哪裡也沒有去，因爲我很忙。

★公式 150

介詞形式的副詞+其他副詞

·He and she went off together.他和她一對離開了。

★公式 151

強調副詞+其他副詞

在強調某一動作的具體方式、狀態、程度時，可將需要強調的副詞提到前面。

·He walks really slowly.他走路真慢。

·Very carefully,the doctor examined the patient's chest. 醫生非常順細地檢查了病人的胸部。

★公式 152

短方式副詞+and/but+ 長方式副詞方式副詞短的在前，長的在後，並常用and 或but等連詞連接。

·He answered his mother angrily and impatiently.他生氣並且不耐煩地回答了他媽媽。

·Please write slowly and carefully.請慢慢地、如真地寫。

★公式 153

肯定式句子+too

·My father is a teacher andmy mother is a teacher,too.我爸爸是一名教師，我媽媽也是一名教師。

★公式 154

(be/ 助動詞/ 情態動詞+)also+ 實義動詞

also

·Children can have delicious food and wear new clothesduring the Spring Festival.They can also get some moneyfrom their parents. 春節期間孩子們可以吃到美味的食物，穿 新衣程。他們也能從父母那裡得到一些錢。

·He also worked in this factory.他也在這家工廠工作。

·My girlfriend was also called Helen.我的女朋按也叫海倫。

★公式 155

否定式句子+either

·He can't play the piano and I can't either.

他不會末回琴，我也不會。

·I haven't seen the film and my sister hasn't either.我沒看過這部電影，我妹妹也沒看過。

·I don't have a dog,and Mary doesn't have a dog either.我沒有小狗，瑪麗也沒有。

★公式 156

主語+謂語+副詞

表示時間、地點、新度、多式、頻度等的副詞在修飾動詞時一般位於動詞之後。

·It snowed heavily during the holidays.Many people had tostay at home. 放假期間副細得很大。態多人不得不待在家裡。

·The children all looked happily at the teacher when he toldthem the good news. 當老師告訴孩子們這個好走息的時候，他們都開心地看着他。

★公式 157

主語+謂語+賓語+副詞

·She went to school happily.她開心地去上學了。

·I study English very hard.我非常努力地學習英語。

★公式 158

(be/助動詞/情態動詞+)頻度副詞十實義動詞表示頻胸的副詞一般位於實義動詞之前，be 動詞、助動詞或情態動詞之後。

·Susan is so careful that she seldom makes mistakes in herhomework.蘇珊很認真，所以她很少在作業中出錯。

·You can hardly ask the old man to move away because hehas lived alone here for eleven years.你很難讓那位老人搬走，因爲他已經一個人在這裡住了 11 年了。

★公式 159

程度副詞+形容詞/副詞/介詞短語

·It's so important that I must tell it to my friends.這件事太重要了，我必須把它告訴我的朋友們。

·You have done rather badly in the test.這次考試你考得非常差。

·The Japanese grammar is quite different from the Chinesegrammar. 日語語法與漢語語法有很大的不同。

★公式 160

主語+(短語)動詞

這類(短語)動詞主要是不及物(短語)動詞， 後面不能直接跟賓語。

·The teachers and the students all laughed.

老師們和學生們都笑了。

·Jenny was looking for a seat when,luckily,a man got upand left. 珍妮正在找座位，幸運的是，這時一個男人起身離開了。(四川)

★公式 161

主語+(短語)動詞+賓語

這類(短語)動詞都是及物(短語)動詞，其後的賓語有單賓語、雙賓語及複合賓語幾種。

·l often look up the words I don't know in the dictionary oron the Internet.

我經常在詞典或互聯網上查我不認識的單詞。(四川)

·To get a better grade,you should go over the notes againbefore the test.爲了取得一個更好的成績，你應該在考試之前再複習一下筆記。(四川)

·We all made Jerry head of our team.我們都讓傑裡當我們的隊長。

·The visitors showed great interest in the painting.參觀者們對這幅畫表現出了強烈的興趣。

·76 ·

★公式 162

be+現在分詞構成物行時態。

·—I hear you are working in a pub.What's it like? 我賓說你在一家酒吧上班。工作怎麼樣?

—Well,it's very hard work and I'm always tired,but ldon't mind.

非常辛苦，我總是很單，但是我不介意。(江蘇)

·When you called me I was listening to a song.你給我打電話時我互在賓一首歌。

★公式 163

be+過去分詞

·The way the guests were treated in the hotel influencedtheir evaluation of the service.顧客在查館受到的待遇影響他們對服務的評價。(北京)

·A new hospital was built in our city last year.

去年我們市建了一所應的醫院。

·The cup is broken.這個杯子是破的。

★公式 164

have/has/had+過去分詞構成各種完成時態。

·For many years,people have dreamed of electric cars.However,making them has been more difficult than predicted.很多年來，人們一直夢想着有電動汽車。然而， 製造電動汽車要比預想的更加困難。(浙江)

·It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciatewhat they had done for me.

我花了很長時間才完全弄明白他們爲我做的事。(北京)

·By the time Jack returned home from England,his son hadgraduated from college. 當傑克從英國返回家中時，

他兒子已經大學畢業了。(遼寧)

★公式 165

(.)do/does/did(+not..)+ 實義動詞助動詞do/does/did 幫助實義動詞構成否定句等，或在一般現在時和一般過去時的肯定句中， 置於動詞原形前起強調作用。

·I dn't know the name of that novel.我不知道那本小說的名字。

·He doesn't do his homework in the evening.他不在晚上做作業。

·He did tell me something about you.他的確告訴過我你的一些情況。

★公式 166

will/shall/would/should+實義動詞

·I will leave for Shanghai tomorrow.我明天要去上海。

·We shall help him to finishthe work.

我們要幫助他完成工作。

·He asked if I would go to havea pianic with him.他問我是否要和他一起去野餐。

★公式 167

be/look/keep/remain+表語

表語說明主語的狀況、性質、特徵等。

·Some people eat with their eyes.They prefer to order whatlooks nice.有的人靠眼睛決定吃的東西。他們更願意點看上去好看的東西。(四川)

★ 公 式 168 Shall/Will+主語+do...?

·—What's your name?

你叫什麼名字?

—Rosalind.Shall I spellthat for you?羅莎琳德。要拼出來嗎?

·Shall we go for a walk after dinner?晚飯後咱們出去散散步好嗎?

·Shall the boy wait outside?讓那個男孩在外面等着嗎?

·Will you pass me the salt,please?請把鹽遞給我好嗎?

★公式 169 would like...

·— What are you going to do this weekend?

這個週末你打算做什麼?

—I would like to visit my parents.我想去看我的父母。

·It's so cold today.I would like a glass of hot water.今天太冷了。我想要一杯熱水。

表示“ 想做某事” 的短語還有 feel like doing sth.,want to do sth.等。

·l feel like taking a rest.我想休須一下。

·I want to swim this afternoon.今天下午我想去游泳。

★ 公 式 170 would rather do...

·To enjoy the scenery,Sally would rather spend severalhours on the train than travel by air.爲了欣賞風景，薩莉旅行時寧願坐幾個小時的火車也不願乘飛機。

·She would rather fail than cheat in the examination.她寧願考試不及格也不願作弊。

·Bruce would decide to quit rather than accept the new

★ 公 式 171 cannot but do...

·We cannot but wait until Jane comes.我們太好等到簡來。

·We cannot but admire his determination.

我們不得不佩服他的決心。

★公式 172

·I can't help laughing seeing this picture.

看到這張照片我禁不住笑了。

·I can't help wondering about his behaviour.我不免對他的行爲感到驚訝。

·You can't help but praise them.你會禁不住稱讚他們的。

★公式 173

cannot/can never...too...

·You cannot be too careful to cross the road.過馬路時你再怎麼小心都不爲過。

·You can never do the work too well.這項工作你做得越出開越好。

★公式 174

主語+used to/would+do...

·Mrs Green used to go to hospital frequently,but now she isin good health. 格林夫人過去經常住院，但是現在很健康。

·He used to live in a small175 had better(not)do...

·You had better leave now if you want to arrive on time.如果你想準時到達，最好現在就出發。

·You had better not wait for them.你最好不要等他們。

★ 公 式 176 must have done...

·Jack described his father,who must have been abrave boy many years ago,as a strang-willed man. 傑克描述他爸爸是個意志堅強的男人，許多年前他一定是個勇敢的男孩。(安徽)

★公式 177

could(not)have done...

表示對過去情況的推測或與過去事實相反的情況。

·My English-Chinese dictionary has

disappeared.Who couldhave taken it?

我的英漢詞典不見了。會是誰拿走它了呢?(上海春)

·I couldn't have enjoyed myself more — it was a perfect day.我玩得非常愉快

——那是完美的一天。(浙江)

★ 公 式 178 should(not)have done...

表示與過去事實相反的情況，

·They should have arrived at lunchtime but their flight wasdelayed. 他們本應對在午飯時間到達的，但是他們的航班延堅了。(全國Ⅱ)

·You should have handed in your homework yesterdayafternoon. 你本應對昨天多午就勇上作業的。

·—My cat's really fat.我的敢很故。

—You shouldn't have given her so much food.你本不應對給她那麼多食候的。(浙江)

★公式 179

need not have done...

·Mark needn't have hurried.After driving at top speed,hearrived half an hour

early.態克本沒遊要那麼悉忙。他以最快的呢度開車，許回提前半小時到了。(天津)

·You neech't have worried about that.你本不遊爲那件事擔心的。

★公式 180

主語+am/is/are...

謂語是 be 的一般現在時的肯定句。

·l am a student.我是一名學生。

·He is in Beijing.他在北京。

·We are out of work.我們失業了。

★公式 181

主語+am/is/are+not...謂語是 be 的一般現在時的否定句。

·l am not a student.我不是一名學生。

·He isn't in Beijing.他不在北京。

·We aren't out of work.我們沒有失業。

★公式 182

Am/ls/Are+主語...?

謂語是 be 的一般現在時的一般疑問句。

·Am l late?我來晚了嗎?

·ls he in Beijing?他在北京嗎?

·Are you out of work?你們失業了嗎?

★公式 183

特殊疑問詞+am/is/are(+ 主語)...? 謂語是be 的一般現在時的特殊疑問句。

·—What is this?這是什麼?—It is a table.

是一張桌子。

·Where are you from?你從哪裡來?

·Who is over there?誰在那邊?

·Which car is yours?哪輛車是你的?

★公式 184

主語+動詞原形/動詞的第三人稱單數形式…謂語是實義動詞的一般現在時的 肯定句。

·Every few years,the oal ...